National security, terrorism, and development in nigeria abstract the reality of modern nigeria is the danger of disruptive centrifugal socioeconomic and political forces which have combined to produce irreconcilable contradictions of alarming proportions. The impact of domestic events on the foreign policy of a country cannot. Abstr act terrorism is the use of violent acts to frighten a target person or persons in a given area as a means of trying to achieve a political goal. Nigerias history, as commonly found in african history, shows a long period of colonization by the british. The contemporary nigeria has become a theatre of genocide, bloodshed and insecurity over the past three years due to the carnage activities of terrorist groups. Latest travel advice for nigeria, including how to stay safe during the coronavirus covid19 pandemic and information on returning to the uk. Peace, a global thinktank on peace, named boko haram. The fight against international terrorism demands multilevel cooperation between nations with vast experience in counterterrorism.
Pdf a historical overview of domestic terrorism in nigeria. Africa security brief a publication of the africa center for strategic studies no. It is difficult to see how there can be meaningful dialogue. Pakhtunkhwa, which merged with the previously highly.
In order to understand how the boko haram insurgency. This study therefore, investigated empirically the challenges of insecurity and terrorism on national development in nigeria. Colonialism and the emergence of terrorism in nigeria. A hisorical discourse, sees boko haram insurgency as the latest manifestation of domestic terrorism in nigeria. An assessment of the nigerian terrorism prevention act and. Terrorism and its impact on infrastructure and economic. Effects of boko haram insurgencyterrorism in business education in nigerian universities ohiwerei, franklin ohiole department of vocational and technical education, business education unit, faculty of education, ambrose alli university, ekpoma, edo state, nigeria. Terrorism is a new trend in nigeria, and because of the inability of nigerian security agencies to combat it effectively, it has become a major security problem bookmark. Only a single terrorism attack in nigeria is recorded among the 20 most fatal terrorist attacks globally in 2016, compared to 2014 where nine of such attacks took place in the country. Types of terrorism in nigeria and causes information.
Series of bombings and killings in maiduguri since 2004 to date. Growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in nigeria 1 chuku chuku, dominic abang, and imaabasi isip jel codes. As earlier mentioned, the phenomenon of ethnicity and religious intolerance have led to incessant recurrence of ethnoreligious conflicts, which have birthed copious ethnic militias like the bakassi boys, odua people congress opc, the egbesu boys. Nigeria has been ranked third of the 162 countries of the world that have been worst hit by terrorist attacks, according to the 2015 global terrorism index. The national counterterrorism strategy nactest of nigeria was formulated, coordinated and drafted by the office of the national security adviser onsa. The threat from boko haram and ansaru the henry jackson society 4 about the authors olivier guitta is the director of research at the henry jackson society, responsible for setting the strategic agenda for the research department and overseeing the societys academic focus, as well as conducting his. Thus, it concluded that fighting insurgency should be the number one goal of governments in nigeria at all levels as the country cannot achieve any significant development amidst insecurity and violence. Growth and fiscal consequences of terrorism in nigeria. Pdf on nov 12, 2009, bukola adeyemi oyeniyi and others published a historical overview of domestic terrorism in nigeria find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Again, nigeria retains third position in global terrorism. It outlines how, in these areas, the oecd can help the international community respond to the threat caused by terrorism and identifies potential further work by the oecd. Insurgency and national security challenges in nigeria.
The 2010 new years eve bombing of mogadishu military cantonment mammy market abuja. It however recommends the formulation of an effective policies and programmes capable of addressing the root causes of insecurity in nigeria. Redefining terrorism in nigeria leadership newspaper. Structured interviews were used to collect primary data for the study. The process was delivered in collaboration and with the support of international partners, particularly the united states of america, united kingdom and the european union. Groups, activities, and politics adeyemi bukola oyeniyi abstract while global attention is focused on embassy bombing, aircraft hijacking and 911 terroristsattack kind of terrorism, equally devastating terrorist activities with equally devastating impacts are daily swept under the carpet in africa. Global terrorism index news latest breaking stories and. Also, boko haram may be receiving support from politicianselites within nigeria, who wish to use the organization as a pawn in achieving certain political objectives ploch, 2011, p. International terrorism and its implications for national. Economics and peace with their global terrorism database gtd datasets on terrorism. Can nigerias antiterrorism law address the boko haram. Boko haram insurgency and the counterterrorism policy in.
Global terrorism index of nigeria fell gradually from 9. A threat to african and global security 45 bear hallmarks of bombmaking techniques used by al qaeda affiliates p. Combating violent conflicts and terrorism in nigeria. In fact, nigeria has coordinated the united statesled transsahara counterterrorism initiative, which conducts counterterrorism. Iep based on data from the global terrorism database gtd. An assessment of the nigerian terrorism prevention act and its impact on national security. Having understood the concise pedigree of terrorism globally and in nigeria, we shall now forge ahead with the manning of suicidebombing with that of terrorism. Abimbola and adesote 2012, in domestic terrorism and boko haram insurgency in nigeria issues and trends. This is against the backdrop of the rising spate of violent attacks. Home news again, nigeria retains third position in global terrorism attack. Department of states antiterrorism assistance program to bolster the capacity of nigerias law enforcement agencies also should be expanded and sustained udounwa, 20.
Ethnic militancy and internal terrorism on nigerias national security 63 afinotan, and ojakorotu, 2009. Nigeria witnessed an unprecedented wave of mergers and acquisitions in its banking sector in the post1995 and 2009 periods as a result of regulatory mandates issued by the central bank of nigeria, aimed at strengthening the capital base of nigerian banks. Terrorism in nigeria other notable acts of terrorism in nigeria can be summarized as follows. In the past ten years there have been 322 terrorist attacks classified as either farleft or farright, compared to 1,677 attacks between 1970 and 1980. Since 2009 the violence the group has unleashed on the nigerian state is unprecedented in the history of insurgency in the country. A historical reflection historically, the act of terrorism in the area cannot be divorced from the activities of the colonial government and it attendant reaction by the people. The boko haram bh islamic fundamentalist emerged in nigeria in 2002 with the. Effects of boko haram insurgencyterrorism in business.
The ethnic, religious, political and socio cultural tension continues to pose an intractable violence between the different. Terna ioryue venda abstract since attaining selfrule in 1960, nigeria has never been confronted with internal security issues such as acts of terrorism which has greatly affected its foreign relations policy in recent times. Its notoriety is known nationally and internationally. Its demography is very unique since it consists of 40 % muslims, 50% christians and 10% who are unaffiliated. The available literature on the issue of terrorism with the economy in the northern and southern regions of nigeria is. There are various formstypes of terrorism such as narco, separatist, state, cyber, bio, echo and religious terrorism among others. Data used for this study was sourced from central bank of nigeria cbn statistical bulletin, newspapers and related journal articles on security issues. The nigerian state nigeria is a multiethnic and ethnoreligious nation with an estimated population of 170 million people, nigeria national population commission 2010. Following years of global headlines, the boko haram islamist extremist. Federal university lafia, nigeria abstract this paper explores the humanitarian impact of terrorism in nigeria from the standpoint of boko haram insurgency. Lastly, the paper submits that terrorists in nigeria are comfortably using tools of globalization to perpetuate their nefarious acts to the detriment of the government, and.
Although, prior to colonialism, there has been evidence of violent clashes among various groups within. However, links between boko haram and the kidnappers are questionable. Department of state has commended nigeria for forging an antiterrorism consensus in subsaharan africa following al qaedas attacks against the united states on september 11, 2001. Read all the latest news, breaking stories, top headlines, opinion, pictures and videos about global terrorism index from nigeria and the world on today.
University of massachusetts lowell and joint special operations university paper prepared for the annual meeting of the american society of criminology november 16, 2012 research trip to nigeria, sponsored by joint special operations university. Terrorism is a term used to describe violence or other harmful acts. Terrorism and the dilemmas of combating the menace in. The boko haram insurgency has the nigerian government gasping for solutions. Background of the study terrorism is defined as calculated, politically motivated violence perpetrated against noncombatant targets by subnational groups or clandestine agents, usually intended to influence an audience. Effects of terrorism on the international business in nigeria. The incessant insurgency of the sect has claimed the lives of many nigerians, civilians, security officials as well. Insurgency means an organized armed struggle by a group aimed at weakening the authority of the federal republic of nigeria in order to force a political. The militant sect which wants to see the creation of a pure islamic state governed by sharia law, has till date claimed the lives of three to ten thousand people in calculated bombings, targeted assassinations, and arbitrary shootings in north and north eastern nigeria. Again, nigeria retains third position in global terrorism attack. This work sought to investigate the factors that led to the transnationalization of terrorism in the lake chad basin with case study of the boko haram insurgency. However, the level of political terrorism in the west was much higher in the past. Nigeria in general, and nigerian criminal justice actors in particular, and by representatives of key stakeholder agencies, including the counterterrorism committee executive directorate cted.
The largest improvement occurred in nigeria where terrorism. These needs have for instance been confirmed in the national counterterrorism strategy nactest of the federal government of nigeria of 2014. Therefore, while terrorism in nigeria is a legacy of colonialism, modern globalization also facilitated the creation of conditions for the continued existence of terrorism. This brochure looks at how corruption and the criminal exploitation of natural resources facilitate terrorism. General sectarian violence in jos 2004, 2010, and 2011.
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